FORENZNÍ DETEKTORY Detektory plynů FD-91

Účel a rozsah
Účel
Tento standardní operační postup (SOP) popisuje metodu kalibrace detektorů plynů pro zajištění přesného měření specifických koncentrací plynů v souladu s požadavky normy ISO/IEC 17025:2017.
Rozsah
Tento postup se vztahuje na kalibraci přenosných detektorů plynů používaných k detekci a měření plynů uvedených v níže uvedené tabulce. Kalibrační proces zahrnuje jak nulovou kalibraci s použitím čerstvého vzduchu nebo dusíku, tak kalibraci rozsahu s použitím referenčních plynů s návazností na NIST, jak je uvedeno v níže uvedené tabulce.
| Cíl Název plynu | Chemický Symbol | Plynový rozsah |
| Acetylén | C2H2 | 0 – 50 ppm |
| Kyslík | O2 | 0 % – 21 % |
| Ethylen | C2H4 | 0 – 80 ppm |
| Chlór | Cl2 | 0 – 10 ppm |
| Oxid uhelnatý | CO2 | 0 – 5000 ppm |
| Oxid uhličitý | CO2 | 0 – 100 % obj |
| Ethylenoxid | ETO | 0 – 10 ppm |
| Metan | CH4 | 0 – 50 %LEL |
| Vodík | H2 | 0 – 5,000 ppm |
| Sírovodík | H2S | 0 – 100 ppm |
| formaldehyd | CH2O | 0 – 10 ppm |
| Chlorovodík | HCl | 0 – 10 ppm |
| Kyanovodík | HCN | 0 – 20 ppm |
| Dusík | N2 | 0 – 100 % obj |
| Amoniak | NH3 | 0 – 50 ppm |
| Oxid dusičitý | N2O | 0 – 200 ppm |
| Oxid dusičitý | NO2 | 0 – 200 ppm |
| Fosfin | PH3 | 0 10-ppm |
| Oxid sírový | SO2 | 0 – 10 ppm |
| Isobutylen | C4H8 | 0 – 50 ppm |
| Argon | Ar | 0-100 %obj |
| Hélium | He | 0-100 %obj |
| Oxid dusnatý | ŽÁDNÝ | 0 1000-ppm |
| Ethanol | C2H6 | 0 500-ppm |
Reference
- ISO/IEC 17025:2017 – General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
- Manufacturer’s operation manual for the specific gas detector model being calibrated
- NIST – Certificates of Analysis for reference gases used in calibration
Definice
- Zero Calibration: The process of setting the gas detector to read zero in an environment free of the target gas.
- Span Calibration: The process of calibrating the gas detector to a known concentration of the target gas.
- Reference Gas: A gas with a known concentration that is NIST-traceable and used as a standard for calibration.
- LPM: Liters Per Minute, a unit of flow rate.
- ppm: Parts Per Million, a unit of concentration.
- %vol: percentage objemu, jednotka koncentrace.
Odpovědnosti
Calibration Technician
- Pefform calibrations according to this SOP
- Document all calibration activities
- Verity that all equipment is finctioning prorrly
- Report any anomalies or issues encountered during calibration
Manažer kvality
- Ensure that this SOP is implemented correctly
- Review calibration records
- Approve any deviatioms from this SOP
- Ensure traceability of reference standards
Vybavení a materiály
Zařízení
- Gas detector to calibrated
- Calibration cap (as required per gas detector model)
- Flow regulator capable of delivering 0.5 LPM
- Časovač nebo stopky
- Thermometer and humidity for recording environmental conditions
Materiály
NST-traceab1e reference gas cylinders with appropriate concentrations for the target gas
Zero air or nitrogen cylinder (if fresh air is not suitable for zero calibration)
Connecting tubing compatible with the calibration gas
Podmínky prostředí
Požadované podmínky
Temperature: 2crc SOC (68T 90F)
Relative Humidiry: 40% to 60%
Dokumentace
Zaznamenejte podmínky prostředí na začátku a na konci každého kalibračního postupu. Pokud podmínky nespadají do specifikovaných rozsahů, zdokumentujte to jako odchylku a posuďte dopad na výsledky kalibrace.
Postup kalibrace
Pre-Calibration Checks
- Verify that the gas detector is in good working condition with no physical damage.
- Check battery level to ensure adequate power for calibration.
- Inspect all calibration equipment, including tubing and all connections.
- Verify that reference gas cylinders are within their validity period.
- Record the serial number of the gas detector and the certificate numbers of reference gases.
- Zaznamenejte podmínky prostředí.
Postup kalibrace nuly
- Power on the gas detector and allow 2 minutes for stabilization in fresh air.
- If using fresh air for zero calibration: a. Ensure the calibration area is free from target gas contamination. b. Allow the detector to stabilize in fresh air for at least 2 minutes.
- If using nitrogen for zero calibration: a. Connect the nitrogen cylinder to the gas detector using the appropriate calibration cap. b. Set the flow rate to 0.5 LPM. c. Allow nitrogen to flow for at least 2 minutes.
- The gas detector reading may not read precisely 0 ppm. Depending on the model, it may display 0.0 or 0.00 ppm. Depending on the scale it may also read in %vol.
- Save the zero calibration point to the detector per the gas detector model instructions.
- Verify that the real-time display reading shows 0 ppm (or 0.0/0.00 ppm according to the detector’s display precision or scale %vol).
- Record the pre- and post-calibration zero readings.
Postup kalibrace rozsahu
- Ensure that zero calibration has been completed successfully before proceeding.
- Connect the reference gas cylinder to the gas detector using a calibration cap or equivalent.
- Set the flow rate to 0.5 LPM.
- Expose the gas analyzer to the reference gas for 1 minute or until the reading has stabilized. Document any deviation from the standard exposure time.
- Verify that the displayed gas value has stabilized.
- Save this span calibration point to the gas detector per instructions of the gas detector model.
- Zaznamenejte následující:
Pre-calibration reading (before adjusting)
Span gas concentration from the Certificate of Analysis Post-calibration reading - Allow the detector to return to fresh air and verify that the reading returns to zero.
Multi-Sensor Gas Calibration
Pro detektory plynu s více než jedním plynovým senzorem, které vyžadují kalibraci pro více než jeden cílový plyn:
- Repeat the zero and span calibration procedure (Section 7.2 and 7.3) for each target gas.
- A mixed reference gas can be used to expose a multi-sensor gas detector. Undertake zero and span calibration simultaneously for each gas sensor within the multi-gas detector.
- If a mixed reference gas is not available, treat each gas sensor separately and following Section 7.2 and 7.3.
- Document the calibration results for each sensor separately (but on the same gas detector calibration certificate).
Ověření kalibrace
- After completing all calibration steps, verify the calibration by exposing the detector to the reference gas again.
- Record the verification reading.
- The reading should be within ±4% of the reference gas concentration.
- If verification fails, repeat the calibration procedure.
Dokumentace a záznamy
Požadovaná dokumentace
Pro každou provedenou kalibraci zaznamenejte následující informace:
- Datum a čas kalibrace
- Calibration technician name
- Gas detector information:
- Výrobce a model
- Sériové číslo
- Reference gas information:
- Gas type and concentration
- Číslo válce
- Číslo certifikátu
- Datum spotřeby
- Podmínky prostředí:
- Teplota
- Relativní vlhkost
- Výsledky kalibrace:
- Pre-calibration zero reading
- Post-calibration zero reading
- Pre-calibration span reading
- Reference gas concentration used
- Post-calibration span reading
- Any deviations from this SOP
- Any observations or comments
Kalibrační certifikát
Po úspěšném dokončení kalibrace vystavte kalibrační certifikát, který obsahuje:
- Title: “Certificate of Calibration”
- Laboratory name and address
- Unique identification of the certificate
- Identification of the calibration method used
- Description and identification of the gas detector
- Datum kalibrace
- Výsledky kalibrace
- Podmínky prostředí
- Signature of the person authorizing the certificate
- Statement that results relate only to the items calibrated
- Statement on measurement uncertainty
- Reference to the traceability of measurements to NIST standards
Uncertainty Analysis
Vypočítejte a uveďte nejistotu měření pro každou kalibraci podle postupu odhadu nejistoty laboratoře. Nejistota se vypočítá jako 95% spolehlivost konečné kalibrační hodnoty s faktorem K rovným 2. Mezi zohledněné položky patří:
- Reference gas uncertainty (from Certificate of Analysis)
- Podmínky prostředí
- Equipment resolution
- Opakovatelnost
- Detector Drift during Calibration
- Effect of gas flow rate
Kontrola kvality
Pravidelné kontroly
- Paform regular checks of reference gases using secondary standards-
- Perform regular quality control checks on calibration equipment (as required)-
Non-conforming Work
Pokud jakákoli část kalibračního procesu neodpovídá tomuto standardnímu operačnímu postupu:
- Document the non-conformance.
- Evaluate the impact on calibration results.
- Take corrective action as necessary.
- Notify the customer if results are affected.
Historie revizí
| Revize | Datum | Popis změn | Schváleno uživatelem |
| 1.0 | 16. května 2025 | Počáteční vydání | Manažer kvality |
Schválení
| Role | Jméno | Podpis | Datum |
| Autor | Dr. Koz Galatsis | Dr. Koz Galatsis | 08. 25. 2025 |
| Technical Reviewer | Dr. Koz Galatsis | Dr. Koz Galatsis | 08. 25. 2025 |
| Manažer kvality | Dr. Koz Galatsis | Dr. Koz Galatsis | 08. 25. 2025 |
PŘÍLOHA 1
ExampKalibrační certifikát – pro jeden detektor plynu.
| Certifikát o kalibraci
USA NIST Traceability Calibration |
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| Místo kalibrace:
777 Silver Spur Road, Suite #130 Rolling Hills Estates, CA, 90274, USA |
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| Zkušební podmínky: | Teplota: 70 °C ±1 %, Vlhkost: 52 % relativní vlhkosti ±1 % | |||||||
| Calibration Method ID: | SOP-CAL-001 | Číslo certifikátu: | 4567 | |||||
| Výrobce: | Forenzní detektory | Číslo modelu detektoru: | FD-90A-CO | |||||
| Reference Gas(s): | CO | Sériové číslo detektoru: | 245686867 | |||||
| Cylinder Lot Number: | 304-403306989-1 | Expirace referenčního plynu: | 04. 05. 2029 | |||||
| VÝSLEDKY INSPEKCE | ||||||||
| Visual Inspection? | Normal, no anomalies | PŘIHRÁVKA | ||||||
| Detector Functionality? | Normal, no anomalies | PŘIHRÁVKA | ||||||
| Funkce alarmu? | Normal, no anomalies | PŘIHRÁVKA | ||||||
| VÝSLEDKY KALIBRACE | ||||||||
| Název plynu | CO | |||||||
| Reference Gas Concentration | 200 ppm | |||||||
| Rozšířená nejistota 5 %
(k=2, 95% hladina spolehlivosti) |
±10 ppm | |||||||
| Pre Zero Calibration (As Found) | 0 ppm | |||||||
| Post Zero Calibration (As Left) | 0 ppm | PŘIHRÁVKA | ||||||
| Pre Span Calibration (As Found) | 189 ppm | |||||||
| Post Span Calibration (As Left) | 200 ppm | PŘIHRÁVKA | ||||||
| Další komentáře: N/A | ||||||||
| Jméno a podpis kalibračního technika:
Austin Jun |
Date of Calibration: 05. 23. 2025 Certificate Issue Date: 05. 23. 2025 Next Cal Due Date: 05. 23. 2026 | |||||||
| The calibration results reported in this certificate relate only to the specific instrument / reference gas identified herein and are valid only for the conditions under which the calibration was performed. The reported expanded uncertainty of measurement is stated as the standard uncertainty of measurement multiplied by the coverage factor k=2, which for a normal distribution corresponds to a coverage probability of approximately 95%. All measurements performed during this calibration are traceable to the International System of Units (SI) through the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
This certificate shall not be reproduced except in full, without written approval from Forensics Detectors. |
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PŘÍLOHA 2
ExampKalibrační certifikát – pro víceplynový detektor se 4 plynovými senzory.
| Certifikát o kalibraci
USA NIST Traceability Calibration |
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| Místo kalibrace: Forensics Detectors, 777 Silver Spur Road, Suite #130
Rolling Hills Estates, CA, 90274, USA |
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| Zkušební podmínky: | Teplota: 70 °C ±1 %, Vlhkost: 52 % relativní vlhkosti ±1 % | |||||||
| Calibration Method ID: | SOP-CAL-001 | Číslo certifikátu: | 4567 | |||||
| Výrobce: | Forenzní detektory | Číslo modelu: | FD-4S | |||||
| Reference Gas(s): | O2, CO, H2S, CH4 | sériové číslo: | 245686867 | |||||
| Cylinder Lot Number: | 304-403306989-1 | Expirace referenčního plynu: | 04. 05. 2029 | |||||
| VÝSLEDKY INSPEKCE | ||||||||
| Visual Inspection? | Normal, no anomalies | PŘIHRÁVKA | ||||||
| Detector Functionality? | Normal, no anomalies | PŘIHRÁVKA | ||||||
| Funkce alarmu? | Normal, no anomalies | PŘIHRÁVKA | ||||||
| VÝSLEDKY KALIBRACE | ||||||||
| Název plynu | CH4 | O2 | CO | H2S | ||||
| Reference Gas Concentration | 50% LEL | 20.9% obj | 200 ppm | 25 ppm | ||||
| Rozšířená nejistota 5 %
(k=2, 95% hladina spolehlivosti) |
±3 % LEL | ±1%vol | ±10 ppm | ±1 ppm | ||||
| Pre Zero Calibration (As Found) | 0 % LEL | 0.0 % | 0 ppm | 0 ppm | ||||
| Post Zero Calibration (As Left) | 0 % LEL | 0.0 % | 0 ppm | 0 ppm | PŘIHRÁVKA | |||
| Pre Span Calibration (As Found) | 40 % LEL | 20.9 % | 200 ppm | 25 ppm | ||||
| Post Span Calibration (As Left) | 50 % LEL | 20.9 % | 200 ppm | 25 ppm | PŘIHRÁVKA | |||
| Další komentáře: N/A | ||||||||
| Jméno a podpis kalibračního technika:
Pan Austin Jun Austin Jun |
Date of Calibration: 05. 23. 2025 Certificate Issue Date: 05. 23. 2025 Next Cal Due Date: 05. 23. 2026 | |||||||
| The calibration results reported in this certificate relate only to the specific instrument / reference gas identified herein and are valid only for the conditions under which the calibration was performed. The reported expanded uncertainty of measurement is stated as the standard uncertainty of measurement multiplied by the coverage factor k=2, which for a normal distribution corresponds to a coverage probability of approximately 95%. All measurements performed during this calibration are traceable to the International System of Units (SI) through the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
This certificate shall not be reproduced except in full, without written approval from Forensics Detectors. |
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Dokumenty / zdroje
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FORENZNÍ DETEKTORY Detektory plynů FD-91 [pdfUživatelská příručka Detektory plynu FD-91, FD-91, Detektory plynu, Detektory |

